Politics- Full Information

 POLITICS

               Politics is the way that people living in groups make decisions. Politics is about making agreements between people so that they can live together in groups such as tribes, cities, or countries. In large groups, such as countries, some people may spend a lot of their time making such agreements. These people are called politicians. Politicians, and sometimes other people, may get together to form a government. The study of politics in universities is called political science, political studies, or public administration.

Totalitarianism

           Totalitarianism is a political system that exercises near complete control over its citizens' lives and tolerates no opposition. Information is restricted or denied by complete control of mass media, close monitoring of citizens and visitors, and forbidding the gathering of groups for political purposes opposed to the state. Constant political propaganda, such as signs, posters, and media that focus the populace on the virtues of the government, characterizes these nation states. Obviously, some totalitarian governments maintain more extreme laws than others do. Totalitarian nation‐states include North Korea, Chile, many African and Middle Eastern nations, Vietnam, and others.

Authoritarianism 

Authoritarianism is a political system less controlling than totalitarianism, but still denying citizens the right to participate in government. A dictatorship, in which the primary authority rests in one individual, represents one type of authoritarian government. Dictators rule China, Cuba, Ethiopia, Haiti, and many African nations. In these systems, strong militaries and political parties support the dictators. Another form of authoritarianism is a monarchy, in which the primary authority rests in a family and is passed down through generations. In the past, most monarchies exerted near absolute power—in Saudi Arabia the ruling family still does. Most remaining monarchies today, however, such as those in the Scandinavian nations, Great Britain, Denmark, and the Netherlands, are constitutional monarchies where the royal families serve only as symbolic heads of state. Parliament or some form of democratic electoral process truly governs these nation states.

Democracy

Democracy is a political system where the government is ruled either directly by the people or through elected officials who represent them. Most democracies today rely upon a system of representatives to make decisions. The most common examples of democracies are the United States, Canada, Germany, and many other European nations.

Advantages of Politics

1. Political parties are able to present political information to the voting population in a manner that is readily understandable.
2. Political parties provide balance through the accommodation of various interests and opinions.
3. Political parties prevent unexpected shifts in political trends that threaten stability in the government.
4. Political parties encourage political participation.

Disadvantages of Politics

1. Political parties can be abusive.
2. Political parties encourage polarization.
3. Political parties prioritize themselves.
4. Political parties sacrifice individuality.
5. Political parties invite corruption.

Conclusion

         Governance is that have been arguing throughout, the process of making and implementing collective decisions for a society. We have also been arguing that, although the governance debate involves a number of questions about the role of social actors in that process, government remains a central, if not the central actor, in the process. We do not say this simply because we are terribly old-fashioned neanderthals who will not admit that the world has changed. We know very well that the world of governing has changed, but there are empirical and normative realities that make us believe that we need to understand the institutions of government if we are to understand governance in a democratic society.